By 1902 Rutherford, in collaboration with Frederick Soddy, had succeeded in establishing a new branch of physics called radioactivity. He and Soddy published their findings on the properties of alpha and beta particles and on gamma-ray emissions during radioactive decay. Their findings included the chain of decay from uranium through lighter elements. For this work Rutherford was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1908.
By 1911, after studying the deflection of alpha particles shot through gold foil, he had established the nuclear theory of the atom. In June of 1919, Rutherford announced his success
